For example, passengers traveling on international tickets were prohibited by an international treaty (the Warsaw Convention) from recovering punitive damages. The bulk of the operational DC-3 fleet is in North America. It has one of the biggest fleets of any airline in the world, operating over 5,400 daily flights to 325 different destinations in 52 countries. Tickets will go on sale three months before its first flight. I closed the windows because it seemed unsafe. Air traffic control at Little Rock had originally told Flight 1420 to expect an approach to runway 22L. Directional control was lost when Captain Buschmann applied too much reverse thrust, which reduced the effectiveness of the plane's rudder and vertical stabilizer. The first officer had been with the airline for less than a year, and had only 182 hours of flight time with American Airlines as an MD-80 pilot. It was Flight 1420's co-pilot, Michael Origel. Flight 1420 -- a twin-engine MD-80 from Dallas -- skidded out of control seconds after landing late Tuesday. It was Flight 1420's co-pilot, Michael Origel. In fact, Ryanair was voted the worlds worst short-haul airline in a survey by Which? According to information kindly shared by Michael Prophet and compiled by Coert Munk for the DC-3 Appreciation Society, there are an estimated 164 DC-3 in all variants flying on a regular basis. Flight 1420's first officer, Michael Origel, who suffered a broken leg in the crash, had not been extensively interviewed. information from a Doppler radar site six miles to the northwest in hopes of being able to tell whether the jetliner might have been slammed from behind by a wall of wind as soon as it touched down. Jet Co-Pilot Gives Account Contradicting Crash Data, https://www.nytimes.com/1999/06/05/us/jet-co-pilot-gives-account-contradicting-crash-data.html. At Wednesday's hearing, NTSB officials heard testimony about landing procedures from American Airlines employees and Federal Aviation Administration officials. Also pushing the time limit was co-pilot Michael Origel, who survived the crash with a broken leg. Munk also notes that a number of DC-3s have been refurbished in recent times. [1]:2 Airline policy set a maximum pilot duty time of 14 hours, and Flight 1420 was the flight crew's last flight of the day. However, the flight crew was advised before boarding that the departure would be delayed, and that the National Weather Service had issued in-flight weather advisories indicating severe thunderstorms along the planned flight path. The reported winds exceeded the MD-82's 20-knot crosswind limit for landing in reduced visibility on a wet runway. The radar weather system had a forward-looking design that offered the flight crew only a limited field of view in front of the aircraft. Origel was hurt and trapped. According to Airfleets.net, Allegiant Air (ALGT 2.05%) operates the oldest airplane fleet of any major U.S. airline. The flight crew discussed the weather reports but decided to expedite the approach rather than diverting to the designated alternate airport (Nashville International Airport) or returning to DFW. Flight 1420 First Officer Michael Origel, who had flown for American only three months before the accident that occurred during an attempted landing late on June 1, testified that he and. Southwest was the launch customer for the Boeing 737-700 in 1997. As a result, Flight 1420 faced away from the airport for several minutes, and because the plane's weather radar had a narrow and forward-facing field of view, the flight crew could not see thunderstorms approaching the airport during their turn. The pilots of flight 1420 were Captain Richard Buschmann and . In fact, Norwegian ranks ahead of both American Airlines and United Airlines on the safety index of JacDec, an independent source for aviation safety. He grabbed his cellular phone and dialed his wife in Los Angeles. Not only is it a very safe country in general, but once youre a resident in here it feels like youre really taken care of. However, 2022 was the last year he repeated this annual tradition. Frederick has no doubt the pilots of Flight 1420 felt pressure. The Douglas Commercial 3 (DC-3) was one of the most mass-produced, well-engineered aircraft in history. From a hospital bed where he is recovering from a broken leg, First Officer Michael Origel told investigators that the descent into the airport was normal and that he never lost sight of the. We will very much be ready for the peak season (of 2022), so there is no risk today that we will have to go out and get more capital in the foreseeable future, Chief Executive Geir Karlsen told Reuters. When did Atlantic Southeast Airlines start flying? spoilers on the nonflying pilot, which would have been Origel. I flew from Singapore to Manchester nonstop in Jan 03 with Juliet Hotel, the same aircraft (repaired at great cost - in fact more than a new plane) and the same captain that was involved in that crash. Origel was hospitalized with a broken leg. He held the rank of lieutenant colonel with the US Air Force Reserve Command, and was hired by American Airlines in July 1979. Judge Woods separated the passenger cases into those involving domestic and international passengers, because different laws governed the rights of the claimants in each category. But, Baker insists there's no pressure and no penalty for pilots who turn down or divert flights for safety reasons. One safety board investigator said that weather experts analyzing But the sight of the jagged wreckage, resting fewer than a 100 yards from the Arkansas River on the north edge of the airport, was plainly unsettling to many of the mourners, most of whom held red roses distributed at the scene. The flight crew failed to arm the automatic spoiler system, which automatically moves the spoiler control lever and deploys the spoilers upon landing. Officer Michael Origel told investigators that the descent into the airport was normal and that he never lost sight of the runway. So prevalent was the DC-3, President Dwight Ike Eisenhower named it one of the four most important things that won the war. Wu was hospitalized with a minor brain hemorrhage. "I don't believe that American's professional pilots are ever going to trade off being on time vs. the safety of the operations," Baker says. Experienced at flying the Boeing 727 for American, he transitioned to flying the twin-engined MD-80 series in 1991. Providing commentary for outlets including the BBC, CNBC, Reuters Thomson, and others, she works closely with IATA, AviaDev, and various airlines and suppliers to get the inside track on the global marketplace. The Atlantic Airways aircraft fell down the steep cliff at the end of the runway at slow speed and burst into flames, killing four of sixteen people on board.Atlantic Airways Flight 670. Eleven people were killed and 110 were injured when the plane went off the end of the runway, broke apart, and caught fire. In a later interview, Greg Feith, the lead NTSB investigator, said he was surprised to learn that pilots exhibited this behavior. [1]:43, Captain Buschmann and 8 of the plane's 139 passengers were immediately killed in the crash; another two passengers died in the hospital in the weeks that followed. [1]:13 The radar weather system had a forward-looking design that offered the flight crew only a limited field of view in front of the aircraft. Out of interest, we thought we'd take a look at how many DC-3 are still accounted for right now. The aircraft touched down on Runway 4R at 23:50:20 (11:50:20 pm). Munk's research suggests that around 33% of the DC-3s had turboprop engines. display: none; But the pilots kept going. This dental device was sold to fix patients' jaws. unusual step of turning the engine thrust reversers off and back on again in an attempt to the airplane from being blown off the side of the runway by a strong crosswind. Mr. Black also noted today that Mr. Origel has been receiving medication, which could have affected his memory. Health care and education is free, and even unskilled work pays well, so as long as youre willing to put in the hard work to learn the language you should be able to have a good life here. Plane Crashes Wiki is a FANDOM Movies Community. American Airlines still flies to Little Rock from Dallas, but the aircraft used is mostly an Embraer E170. From a hospital bed where he is recovering from a broken leg, First The crew of the Qantas 747 that overran at Bangkok are still flying. It was delivered new to American Airlines in 1983, and had been operated continuously by the airline since, accumulating a total of 49,136 flight hours. He used to feel it himself, Frederick says. The aircraft continued past the end of the runway, traveling another 800 feet and striking a security fence and an ILS localizer array. The UK has just three. For an aircraft that was built before the Second World War, youd be forgiven for assuming most would have been retired by now. [1]:42 The NTSB conducted two test flights of American Airlines MD-80 aircraft, which confirmed that manually arming the spoiler created an audible click noisedistinguishable from noises made by automatic deployment of the systemthat could be clearly heard on CVR playback. He stomped on the brakes, but the plane skidded off into the mud and crashed. Sources close to the investigation said that Origel's two-hour interview raises questions about whether the pilots may have neglected to pull the handle that would have turned on the spoilers movable panels on top of the wings that pop up when a plane touches down to help slow it. One minute later, the MD-80 jetliner touched down and began to slide on the wet pavement. There was no trace of a crash, and no radar contact. His strong relationships with Middle Eastern and Canadian airlines make him an asset to the team. In 2019, the Companys average aircraft trip length was 749 miles with an average duration of two hours and four minutes. Jim Hall, chairman of the National Transportation Safety Board, wants to examine whether new rules are needed to prevent pilot fatigue in the wake of last year's fatal crash in Little Rock, Ark. Deputy Editor - An experienced photographer and video producer, Chris is a journalistic natural. At 23:39 (11:39 pm), a controller advised the crew of a wind-shear alert and a change in wind direction. Michael notes that none are in regular passenger operation, although some are used for charter/enthusiast flights from time to time. But they still face challenges, as a smaller airline. The first officer notified the airline's flight dispatcher that the flight crew would, therefore, be unable to depart after 23:16 (11:16 pm). After Hunts death, his subordinate and close friend, Lt. [1]:116 As the aircraft approached, a severe thunderstorm arrived over the airport, and at 23:44 (11:44 pm), the first officer notified the controller that the crew had lost sight of the runway. Believe it or not, this iconic World War II-era propellor-driven transport continues to fly in various corners of the world! Robert Baker, vice chairman of American's parent company AMR, said the changes are the result of the carrier's own post-crash review. [1]:159 The impact broke the aircraft apart into large sections, which came to a rest short of the river bank. Anyone can read what you share. Eventually, it was blamed on a bird strike; the nation grieved, blamed each other, and then moved on. His leg broken from the crash, Origel stumbled from his seat and fell to the cockpit floor. On June 1, 1999, the McDonnell Douglas MD-82 operating as Flight 1420 overran the runway upon landing in Little Rock and crashed. Lawsuits claim it wrecked their teeth. In his briefing, Mr. Black said that Mr. Origel had confirmed that the flight captain, Richard Buschmann, was at the controls of the aircraft when it crashed, and that control tower personnel at Little Rock National Airport had provided the cockpit crew with all relevant weather information. The government put several conditions for participating in the Norwegian airlines restructuring, including that the Oslo-based company must get new capital from private investors. Accident Crew 4 Fatalities 4 Injuries 12 Survivors 12. What happened to Michael Origel? In lengthy reports published in state newspapers, Chinas government-run Xinhua News Agency described Wu as a proficient and conscientious flier who aced tests. Here are some of the most notable accidents, along with the lessons learned. ''The first officer said it was his perception that the plane hydroplaned down the runway and that he didn't feel the typical deceleration forces you would normally feel with thrust reversers and brakes,'' said George Black, a National Transportation Safety Board member. I live in Little Rock and remember this night. Arguments conclude in Alex Murdaugh's murder trial But they still face challenges, as a smaller airline. It was a short call, American says, without releasing the details. On Norwegian, we enjoyed friendly service, a relatively comfortable economy experience, and an on-time non-stop flight. Please enter valid email address to continue. Little Rock air traffic controller Kenneth Kaylor had to track the storm using primitive equipment _ wind monitoring stations around the airport and an outdated radar system that showed the storm as a vague blob on his screen. Now, just a few months later, the airline is preparing to get back in the skies properly. The lack of a high-yielding cabin meant the airline could not generate sufficient profit, resulting in its exit from the market, which was also accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Norwegians attempt to disrupt the market, especially on trans-Atlantic routes, was largely successful at the start. It was the largest assembly of the Douglas aircraft since WWII and something that must have been breathtaking to see. About two seconds after the wheels touched down, First Officer Origel stated, "We're down. Norwegian is a low-cost Norwegian airline and the fourth-largest low-cost airline in Europe by passenger numbers (pre-COVID). In addition, the airline is reportedly already looking at growing its fleet again to a total of 70 aircraft by 2022. Quick Answer: Does Norwegian Airlines Have Travelers Insurance, Quick Answer: What Airline Does Norwegian Cruise Line Use, Question: How To Say Safe Travels In Norwegian, Quick Answer: How Do You Say Safe Travels In Norwegian, Quick Answer: What Does Norwegian Cruise Include, Quick Answer: Does Norwegian Have Travelers Insurance, Quick Answer: When Will Norwegian Sail Again. [1]:1 The flight crew was advised before boarding that the departure would be delayed, and that the National Weather Service had issued in-flight weather advisories indicating severe thunderstorms along the planned flight path. The Companys fleet has an average age of approximately 11 years. Built to last, to land anywhere and never to break, Douglas churned out more than 11,000 of the type before and during World War II. The expansion coincides with a surge in jet fuel prices to more than 13-year highs. The flight crew failed to arm the automatic spoiler system, which automatically moves the spoiler control lever, and deploys the spoilers upon landing. Origel said he did not adjust the radar upward as the plane began descending, even though they were entering some clouds. In sober testimony, Origel described the chaotic moments after landing as he stomped on the brakes and Buschmann tried to slow the plane with the engines' thrust reversers. [1]:12 The aircraft was powered by two Pratt & Whitney JT8D-217C turbofan jet engines. SINK RATE!". Theme Kourtier Blog by. The ruggedness and bulletproof reliability of the DC-3 has made it strangely relevant to todays missions, despite its 80-plus years of age. I couldn't get to him. Origel was hurt and trapped. What happened to Michael Origel? Managing Editor - Joanna has worked in publishing for more than a decade and is fast becoming a go-to source for commercial aviation analysis. But his testimony was contradicted by the official transcript of the cockpit tape, which indicates that comment was not heard. display: none; The aircrafts spoilers failed to deploy, causing inefficient braking. [10], The jury verdict has been claimed to completely absolve Buschmann of all fault for the crash,[11] but the NTSB has not changed its probable-cause ruling; additionally, American Airlines admitted liability for the crash, and had paid many millions of dollars in damages to the passengers and their families.[10] About 10 years following the crash, David E. Rapoport, an attorney who was a member of the court-appointed Plaintiffs Steering Committee,[12] surmised, after all these years, [whether Captain Buschmann was "absolved" of all responsibility for the crash] is still a matter reasonable people who are fully informed may disagree on. However, Rapoport concluded that there should be a consensus understanding among all parties involved that flight operations should not be conducted in the terminal area when thunderstorms are on the flight path, and nonfrangible objects should not be placed where it is foreseeable an aircraft may go.[12], A 2004 memorial ceremony was held adjacent to the airport. [5] Feith added that the pilots may have exhibited get there-itis, more formally known as task completion bias (TCB), as the pilots knew that they were approaching their 14-hour duty limits.[5][6]. Sitting in his wrecked cockpit on the bank of the Arkansas River, Origel dialed his cell phone to give the operation center the news: His plane. In its request for a ground stop, the airline cited automation issues, according to the Federal Aviation Administration. The left side of the cockpit exploded, Origel recalled Wednesday. Copyright 2023 CBS Interactive Inc. All rights reserved. But company officials said it is not unusual for the captain to the devices because the handle is closer to the captain's seat. Buschmanns estate presented evidence that the spoilers were deployed and had malfunctioned (not through the captains fault), and that the aircraft did not encounter turbulence. The co-pilot of an American Airlines jetliner that crashed here Tuesday night said that, despite a dangerous thunderstorm, he could see a "bowling alley--a lane through the weather" that the . [9], In the only liability trial arising out of the crash of Flight 1420, a federal jury in Little Rock awarded Captain Buschmanns family $2 million in wrongful-death damages following a lawsuit they had filed against Little Rock National Airport. #inline-recirc-item--id-a7286874-8c88-11e2-b06b-024c619f5c3d, #right-rail-recirc-item--id-a7286874-8c88-11e2-b06b-024c619f5c3d { Will Norwegian airlines fly to the US again? The aircraft then collided with a structure built to support the approach lights for Runway 22L, which extended out into the Arkansas River. Trending News Here are some of the most notable accidents, along with the lessons learned. Shortly after takeoff, an American Airlines dispatcher sent the pilots a computer message that said radar showed thunderstorms on both sides of the Little Rock airport, but the airport itself was "in the clear. [1]:23, Air traffic control at Little Rock had originally told Flight 1420 to expect an approach to runway 22L. Notable operators included Delta Air Lines, Braniff Airways, Hawaiian Air Lines, Eastern Air Lines, Pan Am, and of course, United. The First Officer was Michael Origel with under five thousand hours of flight time. [1]:135136, The aircraft continued past the end of the runway, traveling another 800 feet (240m; 270yd), and striking a security fence and an ILS localizer array. We will very much be ready for the peak season (of 2022), so there is no risk today that we will have to go out and get more capital in the foreseeable future, Chief Executive Geir Karlsen told Reuters. What happened in season 1 episode 6 of fear the walking dead? The collision with the sturdy structure crushed the airplane's nose and destroyed the left side of the plane's fuselage, from the cockpit back to the first two rows of coach seating. The District Court granted summary judgment in American Airlines favor on punitive damages, finding under Arkansas law that there was insufficient evidence to submit the issue to a jury to decide. About two seconds after the wheels touched down, First Officer Origel stated, We're down. Adverse weather caused the plane that was intended for Flight 1420 to be delayed in arriving at DFW. The new low-cost long-haul Norwegian airline Norse Atlantic Airways has announced plans to fly between Europe and the US from early 2022, as it aims to fill the gap in budget transatlantic air travel left by Norwegians departure from long-haul routes. Richard Buschmann from seeing the runway. Ever had the pleasure to fly in one? [1]:4 Because the plane was already close to the airport, the controller had to direct it away to line it up for a landing on 4R. Eleven of the 145 people aboard were killedthe captain and ten passengers. American Airlines Flight 1420 was a flight from Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport (DFW) to Little Rock National Airport in the United States. American Airlines admitted liability for the crash, and individual trials were scheduled to assess the proper amount of compensatory damages. Sitting in his wrecked cockpit on the bank of the Arkansas River, Origel dialed his cell phone to give the operation center the news: His plane had crashed. The majority of accidents with high fatalities had remarkably similar causes. [1]:3 Despite the excessive crosswind and two wind-shear reports, Captain Buschmann did not abandon the aircraft's approach into Little Rock, and deciding to continue the approach to 4R instead. The earth is rotating at a tilted axis relative to the sun, and during the summer months, the North Pole is angled towards our star. About 65% of Flight 1420's weight would have been supported by the plane's landing gear if the spoilers had been deployed, but without the spoilers, this number dropped to only 15%. [1]:106 The first officer reported feeling tired that night, and a yawn was heard on the CVR. In late 2018, it was announced that the company would be spun-off by SkyWest and purchased by a joint venture called ManaAir, with KAir Enterprises as the majority (50.1%) owner and United Airlines as the minority (49.9%) owner. Without the spoilers activated, Flight 1420 couldn't benefit from their added drag and slid after landing. [1]:157 The report stated that sleep-deprived individuals are likely to try the same method of problem solving repeatedly without regard to alternatives. [1]:10 The first officer had been with the airline for less than a year, and had only 182 hours of flight time with American Airlines as an MD-80 pilot. They may have been associated with this organization before or after these years as well. ago He still works as a pilot you can google him Also on Thursday, American Airlines told the NTSB that it's revising policies on avoiding thunderstorms. By the first anniversary of the crash, Baker said the airline plans to modify its policy for approaches and landings, as well as give pilots more training on interpreting radar. It was a short call, American says, without releasing the details. The planes cockpit voice recorder (CVR) was reviewed, and no sounds consistent with the spoiler arming or automatically deploying were recorded by the CVR. The NTSB investigation is focusing on the apparent mistakes of the pilots and the possibility they may have been tired after working more than 13 hours. The copilot has surpisingly little to tell. The aircraft married reliability with comfort and performance, and quickly became the go-to model for long-distance flying. Wu was hospitalized with a minor brain hemorrhage. Experienced at flying the Boeing 727 for American, he transitioned to flying the twin-engine McDonnell Douglas MD-80 series in 1991. [8] This ruling was later upheld on appeal. The carrier was reborn as budget carrier Aha! 96 0 obj <>stream Mr. Buschmann, 48, of Napierville, Ill., was killed, leaving Mr. Origel, of Redondo Beach, Calif., as a crucial source of information. How many planes does Norwegian airlines have? American Airlines Flight 1420 was a flight from Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport (DFW) to Little Rock National Airport in the United States. Let us know in the comments. [1]:87[5]. Blood from his captain, Richard Buschmann, soaked the dashboard. .component--type-recirculation .item:nth-child(5) { The trees in the backyard were whipping back and forth in a very scary way. "We have receivednumerous people calling us or providing us letters that people are flying tired -- that American Airlines pilots are still on the edge of fatigue and management isn'tlistening," Feith said. The aircraft involved in the incident was a McDonnell Douglas MD-82 (registration N215AA[2]), a derivative of the McDonnell Douglas DC-9, and part of the McDonnell Douglas MD-80 series of aircraft. When the coronavirus pandemic hit, many carriers had to cut costs and routes to make up for losses due to low demand, and ExpressJet was an early casualty having lost its contract with United to regional competitor CommutAir. ExpressJet may have temporarily closed its doors, but its defunct operation was not permanent. Helicopters & rotorcraft, airships The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) investigated the crash. Pilot fatigue and poor weather are among the factors that investigators are weighing as possible causes of the crash. The airplane's wheels showed no evidence of hydroplaning but apparently were rolling forward while also skidding slightly sideways. Thanks to the complex web of subsidiaries that the Scandinavian carrier had built, the long-haul, low-cost operation officially started in 2013. Michael Origel is a Paradigm Flight Attendant at AirlineCert based in Torrance, California. Airline policy set a maximum pilot duty time of 14 hours, and Flight 1420 was the flight crew's last flight of the day. From a total of 1,952 thunderstorm encounters, 1,310 pilots (67%) flew into thunderstorms during landing attempts. ''Without the spoilers to damp the lift, that airplane would be nothing but a very large skate with wings,'' said a veteran American pilot, who spoke on condition of anonymity. Sitting in his wrecked cockpit on the bank of the Arkansas River, Origel dialed his cell phone to give the operation center the news: His plane had crashed. The aircraft was equipped with X-band weather radar, which is susceptible to attenuation during heavy precipitation, and did not have an attenuation alert to warn the flight crew of system impairment during heavy rainfall. } Is inflight entertainment free on Norwegian? 1999: Delta buys ASAs remaining shares. What happened to Michael Origel? Michael Origel (First Officer) Recovered from his injuries, continues to fly for American Airlines to this day, and later started his own aviation consultation firm Unlocking Disaster (UAL 811) The captain then said " Oh No!" Commented Capt. Crime rates are extremely low even in major cities such as Oslo, Bergen, Trondheim, and Stavanger. As a result, Captain Buschmann requested a change to Runway 4R so that the flight would have a headwind during landing, and Flight 1420 was cleared for a visual approach to this runway. Thereafter, American Airlines reached settlement agreements with a majority of the domestic Plaintiffs.[8], As part of the settlement agreement, Plaintiffs relinquished not only their compensatory damages claims, but their punitive damages claims, as well.[8] The case proceeded as three compensatory damages trials involving domestic Plaintiffs [that] were ultimately tried to a jury, and awards of $5.7 million, $3.4 million, and $4.2 million were made.[8] These three Plaintiffs pursued, but ultimately lost their claims for punitive damages. View Michael Origel's record in Windermere, FL including current phone number, address, relatives, background check report, and property record with Whitepages. [1]:11 However, the first officer had trained as a pilot with the United States Navy, and had prior commercial flight experience as a corporate pilot, with a total of 4,292 hours of experience at the time of the incident. But they also decrease the effectiveness of the rudder, which controls the direction of the plane's nose. Atlantic Southeast Airlines. #inline-recirc-item--id-a7286874-8c88-11e2-b06b-024c619f5c3d ~ .item:nth-child(5) { On June 1, 1999, a McDonnell Douglas MD-82 (registration number 215AA) overran the runway upon landing in Little Rock and crashed. Did not know the flight engineer of PAL434 is currently the CEO of Indonesia AirAsia. Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport College Park, Georgia, United States, AIRLINE NAME Alaska Airlines Aloha Air America West Airlines American Airlines Air One Continental Airlines Delta Air Lines Hawaiian Airlines. Even if fatigue is ultimately not found to be the cause of the Little Rock crash, Hall added it "is my intention in this hearing to look at the larger picture and explore more precisely the dimensions of the problem.". [1]:134135 Directional control was lost when Captain Buschmann applied too much reverse thrust, which reduced the effectiveness of the plane's rudder and vertical stabilizer. Despite the excessive crosswind and two wind-shear reports, Captain Buschmann did not abandon the aircraft's approach into Little Rock, instead deciding to continue the approach to 4R. Mr. Harrison was not among the 136 other people aboard Flight 1420 who were able to escape the crash and the flames that followed. It was Flight 1420s co-pilot, Michael Origel. ''I went for my father,'' said Ray Toler Jr., a California man whose father, Ray Sr., of College Station, Tex., was recovering from broken bones suffered in the crash and unable to attend the service. [1]:12, The aircraft was equipped with X-band weather radar, which is susceptible to attenuation during heavy precipitation, and did not have an attenuation alert to warn the flight crew of system impairment during heavy rainfall. 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