Weve gathered a list of 15 different types of dogwood trees and shrubs to help determine which is best for your garden. You can use the cherry-like fruit in preserves. This beautiful tree is interesting all year, with pink or white flowers in late winter or early spring, followed by attractive green foliage. The flowers, fruit, and leaves of the Gray Dogwood are similar to the Red-osier Dogwood (Cornus sericea). The Siberian Dogwood is also known as red-barked and white Dogwood. It is a small tree, growing to around 20 feet tall, that sheds every year and has pink, white, red flowers. The flowers will remain intact for several weeks, followed by glossy green foliage. Kousa dogwood produces its showy red berries early in August. Their white blossoms appear in the spring, while the red berries appear in the fall. It's a kind of shrub that grows multiple stems. Himalayan Dogwood 8. Although uncommon in the wild, it is typically found along the Mississippi River and around many forest borders. How Long Does It Take for a Dogwood Tree to Mature? This may be a tree to avoid planting near the sidewalk or porch. Zone 4 Dogwood Trees - Planting Dogwood Trees In Cold Climates, Kousa Dogwood Care: Tips For Growing Kousa Dogwood Trees, Bushes That Grow In Zone 4: Growing Shrubs In Zone 4 Gardens, How To Create A Secret Garden In Your Own Backyard, Reasons For No Brussels Sprouts On Plants, Can You Propagate Forsythia: How To Propagate Forsythia Shrubs, Palm Tree Care Tips For Planting A Palm Tree In The Garden, What Is A Jatropha Curcas Tree: Jatropha Uses In The Landscape, Growing Carissa Shrubs: How To Grow A Carissa Natal Plum, Home & Garden Marketplace: Advertiser Info. Find out about the different kinds of dogwood trees in this article. The rough leaf dogwood gets its name because of the coarse hairs found on the foliage. The Swedish cornel is another subshrub that has dark purple flowers and white bracts. At least 36 different species of birds feast on the dogwood's fleshy red berries, including northern cardinals, tufted . To maximize fruit production, provide regular water and increase irrigation in extreme heat or prolonged dry spells. Conditions: Full sun; adaptable to a broad range of soils; fairly drought tolerant and pH adaptable. The berries are also eaten by mammals, including squirrels, and the seeds have even been found in bear scat. Flowering dogwood has the showiest blooms with large star-shaped white blossoms. The flowers are also the state flower of North Carolina. With species that are native to Asia, Europe, and North America, as well as dozens of cultivars, you'll have no problem choosing a dogwood tree suited to your purpose. In late summer, the leaves turn dark red and bright red berries appear in place of the flowers. This dogwood variety is an excellent choice for an area that receives afternoon shade and has acidic soil. When you visit the site, Dotdash Meredith and its partners may store or retrieve information on your browser, mostly in the form of cookies. Kousa dogwood flowers are actually small green flowers surrounded by four, pointed, snow-white bracts. Dogwood berries are still acidic when ripe, but they are luscious when they are. This article is a guide to identifying species of dogwood trees with red berries. The trees perform best in full sun or partial shade, growing in organically-rich, well-drained soil. Read our. This dogwood species is regarded as a tree with a medium growth rate and grows about 16 ft. (5 m) in ten years. Pruning is mostly for aesthetic reasons to reshape the tree and to remove dead branches. This tree spreads by rhizomes and can grow up to 4 to 6 inches. In the Peach State, they mature during September and October. Native to the Eastern U.S., this handsome tree thrives in USDA plant hardiness zones 5 through 9. As one of the most common types of trees with a range of cultivars, each having distinct characteristics, there are numerous dogwoods to choose from. Monrovia describes the aurora dogwood (Cornus x Rutban) as having creamy white blossoms with a silky feel. In the fall, the foliage transforms to a purple-red hue. Dense clusters of tiny yellow flowers appear at the end of bare branches towards the end of winter or early in spring, bringing a much-needed shock of color to the landscape. The bark of this plant may be a reddish, purple, or brown color, which offers interest in the winter when the leaves have all dropped. You can eat the fruit of Cornus kousa - Korean Dogwood - Chinese Dogwood - Japanese Dogwood Dogwoods are commonly used as both flowering shrubs and trees in a landscape. Though with this type, the white blooms are much larger, and the fall foliage is a red, orange, or yellow color. The delicate flowers, seasonal appeal, and low-maintenance dogwood tree can offer curb appeal and beauty to your yard. Although people call them berries, they are drupes fleshy fruits with a single stone. Dogwood berries are not toxic when eaten, but there have been reports of rashes after skin contact with the tree. The kousa dogwood leaves measure 1.5 to 4 (4 10 cm) long and grow densely on branches. It is an evergreen, ornamental flowering tree that produces white flowers in the summer. 2023 Gardening Know How, Future US LLC, Full 7th Floor, 130 West 42nd Street, New York, NY 10036. The plant generally does best in moist conditions but can also have excellent tolerance for drier conditions once established. The berry-like drupes are dark red when ready to eat. Cornelian Cherry Dogwood (Cornus mas) Red Osier Dogwood (Cornus sericea) Silky Dogwood (Cornus amomum) Gray Dogwood (Cornus racemosa) Pagoda Dogwood (Cornus alternifolia) Pacific Dogwood (Cornus nuttallii) Creeping Dogwood (Cornus canadensis) Common (Cornus sanguinea) Siberian Dogwood (Cornus alba) Himalayan Flowering dogwood (Cornus capitata) While there are 17 types of dogwoods native to North America, the following 12 varieties are most commonly found. You will likely need to prune common dogwood yearly (or perhaps even more) to keep it in check, as it can spread. They will also consume other types of fruit including grapes, cherries, mulberries, and blueberries; however, their diet consists mostly of insects during breeding season. The Gray Dogwood is a wonderful native plant that will add spring, summer, and fall interest to naturalized areas or informal gardens. You can identify a dogwood by looking at three of its physical characteristics: leaves, bark, and fruit. Its a taller and more upright tree than the flowering dogwood. They thrive in USDA zones 5 through 8. Although the plant favors moist, well-drained soil, it can adapt to many other soil conditions and tolerate wet conditions for more extended periods than many varieties. Flowering dogwoods grow to between 12 and 20 feet (3.5-6 m.) tall with a trunk diameter of 6 to 12 inches (15-31 cm.). If you're not 100 percent certain . The Kousa dogwood is native to Asia, and it is recommended as a good alternative to the Flowering dogwood (Cornus florida). Two native North American native species produce red oval berries, and the Asian dogwood kousa dogwood has rounded, spherical red berries with bumps on the skin. Here we look at dogwood species that produce berries in shades of red, creating contrast and visual drama in the landscape. Fruit can be harvested from this Dogwood once it has ripened and dropped to the ground. The most common dogwood tree with red berries is the kousa dogwood. Pacific dogwood (Cornus nuttallii) grows on the West Coast in a band between San Francisco and British Columbia. The white flowers give way to red fruits in late summer, which are edible for humans. Although the individual blooms are small, a giant dogwood in full bloom is magnificent. There are several types of dogwood trees producing berries. However, keep in mind that this may affect fruit growth, limiting the year's harvest. The whitish flowers are not very significant, but the white drupe/berries are attractive to birds. Dogwoods usually don't do well in extreme heat or dry conditions. Updated April 2022. Most dogwood trees have white, star-shaped flowers, lance-shaped leaves, and peeling bark. These features of flowering dogwoods give the trees four-season visual appeal. Flowering dogwood (Cornus florida) tree and flowers. Also known as northern swamp dogwood, gray dogwood (a member of the Swida subspecies) is a deciduous shrub that forms thickets as the underground rhizomes spread. Honeysuckle. Following is a list of some common types, some of which are American natives and others that come from Asia and Europe. In fact, the blooms show up in very early spring, even before the leaves have sprouted. Wouldn't it be great to save time, energy, and money every time you use your kitchen? As time goes on, the shade keeps brightening until it becomes very red in winter, providing a perfect contrast to a snowy or bare landscape. However, most gardeners find the foliage of red twig dogwoods less appealing in fall. This type of Dogwood is commonly found in parks and various residential areas, and it works great as a shade tree or for hedging. Flowering Dogwood. . Besides being small to medium trees, dogwoods are also a group of shrubs recognized by their bright red bark. Those in full sun are shorter with better leaf color, especially in the fall. 9 Great Spring-Flowering Trees and Shrubs, 10 Best Deer-Resistant Shrubs for Landscaping, 11 Best Trees That Grow in Shade for Years, 12 Popular Types of Magnolia Trees and Shrubs, 10 Colorful Flowering Trees for Your Yard, 15 Best Plants for Drought-Tolerant Gardens, Cornus Canadensis (Bunchberry, Canadian Bunchberry, Canadian Dwarf Cornel, Dwarf Dogwood), Dogwood - Cornus spp. This is because it is visually similar to the Flowering dogwood and requires similar growing conditions. It grows best in moist spots and is often found in boggy areas. Dogwood berries are a favorite food source for at least 36 different bird species. If there is a chance of human consumption or contact, always check out the species before planting it. Dogwood . Unfortunately, it doesnt thrive in the east. Read the following subsections to learn more about the deer-resistant types of dogwood. . In the winter, the tree has an attractive silhouette with small buds at the tips of the branches. The tree is sometimes called the Himalayan Strawberry Tree due to the fact that the berries look so much like strawberries but with a more round shape. Walter's Dogwood It is a part of the subgenera Chamaepericlymenum, grows very low to the ground, and spreads by rhizomes. Lower branches should be pruned away to enhance the appearance of the bark. Siberian Dogwood 15. Canadian bunchberry The Canadian bunchberry (Cornus canadensis) is well known in some areas in Canada for a number of different reasons, including being 1 of the 2 only sub scrubs in the dogwood tree family. There are many types of dogwoods, ranging from small shrubs to single-trunked ornamental trees. There are approximately 17 dogwood varieties that are native to North America. Common Dogwood 4. Red twig dogwood shrubs grow 6 to 8 feet tall. Some species even have colorful stems that offer winter appeal. Use plants that require no more than 4 inches of soil depth in close proximity to the protective mulch circle. Red-osier dogwood has nectar-rich flowers pollinated by many species of both long- and short-tongued bees, wasps, and butterflies. Cornelian cherry dogwood (Cornus mas) is a European species that thrives in zones 5 through 8, although it looks ragged by the end of the season in areas with hot summers. Dogwood tree leaves are often smooth-edged with veins that curve parallel to the margins (edges). The pagoda dogwood is typically a multi-stemmed deciduous shrub, although, with proper pruning, it can take on the form of a small tree. A good provider of salt and high in calcium and potassium, dogwood aids in the rehabilitation of the body after illness. Before winter sets in, birds pick off the berries, leaving the crimson stalks to dangle against the white backdrop. Cornelian cherry dogwood is another name for this berry, and it creates clusters of tiny yellow flowers. Family Cornaceae (Dogwood Family). Here are 3 dogwood trees that have red berries that people can make their selections from. Dwarf varieties of these dogwoods dont grow over 3 ft. (1 m) tall. The small white flowers appear in clusters called cymes, and have an unpleasant odor. C. alternifolia produces blue -- almost black -- berries on lovely red stems. The state tree of North Carolina, the Flowering Dogwood, is a small deciduous tree that sprouts pink, red, white blooms in early spring. Carrying white flowers, and white berries, it grows to 4ft (1.2m) when pruned annually. In the fall, a magnificent whitish tint appears on the rough leaf dogwood berries after it begins as a greenish color in August. The drupes are red and shiny with smooth skin. Kousa dogwoods are considered small to medium sized trees. Let's stay updated! Pruning the tree every two years after the flowers' color fades will help keep it small. This herb is still used in traditional Chinese medicine, but its becoming less popular. Flowering Dogwood 6. Similar to flowering Dogwood, the mountain dogwood is very susceptible to dogwood anthracnose disease. In the late summer, these berries turn a cherry red and are tasty. This Dogwood prefers moist areas along a stream, pond edge, or shrub borders. The berries are edible to birds but should not be consumed by humans. The elderberry-like red stalks bear white blooms and white fruit as well as white fruit. The kousa dogwood thrives in USDA zones 5 through 8. A close up picture of Kousa dogwood flowers. The wood is often used in carving and other types of woodworking. Each fruit is 1/4 inch in . The Kousa grows to 15 to 20 feet, has flakey bark, and long-lasting white "flowers" which usually come out about a month after its cousin, the Flowering Dogwood (Cornus florida.) Prepare Your Lawn Mower For Spring (Lawn Mower Maintenance Checklist). In the hottest climates, some shade during the afternoon will keep the tree healthy. The berries are bright red with an oval shape and grow in small clusters on the tree. Before you plant this type of plant, make sure to check your local regulations, as it may be discouraged. It is native to the eastern and southeastern United States. Dogwoods can be identified by their smooth-edged leaves, with veins that are parallel to the margins (edges). The Cornelian cherry has smooth oblong fruits, while the Kousa berries are bumpy. Ornamental cornelian cherries are the most popular type to be seen in residential gardens. Pacific dogwood thrives in USDA zones 6b through 9a. This tree is a beautiful specimen plant that grows best in moist, well-draining soils. In contrast, the flowering dogwood berries have a woody growth on one end. Dogwood flowers (those buttonlike clusters at the center of the bracts) rely on insects for pollination. Nonpoisonous Berries. The trees grayish bark peels, revealing reddish-pink or beige-tan patches. Length: 5.5-7.5 in (14-19 cm) Weight: 0.8-1.3 oz (22-38 g) Wingspan: 9.8-11.8 in (25-30 cm) Range: United States, Canada, Mexico, Greenland and northern Eurasia. Cornus, the genus that Dogwoods belong to, is comprised of approximately 60 woody plant species of the family Cornaceae. Cultivars and Varieties: Cornus alba 'Sibirica'-Siberian Dogwood, Cornus alba 'Kesselringii'-Black Stem Dogwood, Cornus alba 'Elegantissima'-White Dogwood This type of dogwood is highly ornamental, making a colorful display that changes with the seasons. Popescu, I., et al. These berries have a slightly oval shape and are bright red in color. Red dogwood berries are a type of aggregate fruit like blackberries or raspberries. Kousa dogwood trees grow 15 30 ft. (4 9 m) tall and wide. 3. Most dogwood berries are popular as food amongst birds and other wild animals, and some are also edible for humans. The flowers bloom towards the end of spring or early summer, putting on a dramatic display of pretty white blossoms bunched together in dense clusters at the tips of stems. The small berries to the mountain dogwood produce are either a bright red or orange. The Pacific dogwood is a western version of the Flowering dogwood. During the spring, these trees bloom, and the berries they bear are bright and cheery. These berries vary in color from red to pink and orange, and they dangle solo rather than in groups or clusters like many other types of dogwood berries. On the other hand, berries from the other two species are shiny red oval drupes growing in small clusters. Native to China, Japan, and Korea, the kousa dogwood (Cornus kousa) is very similar to the flowering dogwood. It prefers swampy areas, wetlands, and areas near streams and ponds. Kousa dogwood trees turn spectacular colorful shades in the fall. The stems become green again in the spring. Red berries from two species of dogwood trees are edible. It produces white flowers in spring, which give way to bright red berries in late summer. While the Siberian Dogwood may not have the showiest blooms, it does add some nice color to the landscape. The plants fall foliage ranges in hue from red to purple. Cornus Sanguinea in Europe: Distribution, Habitat, Usage and Threats. Please read on to find out more about these beautiful flowering trees. The Cornelian cherry dogwood (C. mas) and the Kousa dogwood (C. kousa) both have edible berries, but they look very different. Fall foliage color is red to purple. If the berries get demolished, the berry stalks will remain on the tree, adding a shock of color. In general, it takes a dogwood tree about five to seven years before it is ready and matures enough to flower. A few species, however, have leaves that alternate on the stems. To enhance the appearance of the bark, lower branches should be trimmed away frequently. For example, the beautiful kousa dogwood tree is a bit high-maintenance thanks to the necessary clean-up of its falling fruits. Many consider it to be the western version of the Flowering Dogwood. However, it can be difficult to identify dogwood trees by their leaves alone. In summer, the bright green foliage creates a canopy that can be used for shade, and red-orange berries arrive, which adds a vibrant contrast of color. North Carolina State Extension. Dogwood berries (botanists call them drupes) are about quarter-inch to a bit more than a 1/2-inch long. You can start a dogwood tree using cuttings or plant a bare-root sapling purchased at a nursery. Celestial Dogwood ( Cornus x 'Rutdan') - The white bracts overlap and have a green tinge, although they become pure white after a few days. Find more gardening information on Gardening Know How: Keep up to date with all that's happening in and around the garden. These red-twig dogwood shrubs have excellent landscaping appeal, helping to add a splash of color to a winter landscape. Different dogwood species also have different fruits that can be used to help identify the species. In most cases, they are edible and can be used in cooking, though some dogwoods produce mildly toxic fruit to humans. If youre in search of Dogwood that isnt going to take up much space in your garden, the Canadian bunchberry is an excellent choice. If youre thinking about trying alternative medicine, talk to your doctor first. Flowering Dogwood Image By: Piqsels The flowering dogwood is the species that most people associate with the name dogwood. Scale insects and dogwood borers are the most common insect pests affecting dogwoods. Chestnuts are hidden in the prickly burs. What Are The Pros And Cons Of Royal Empress Trees. The leaves on the dogwood are ovate-shaped, measuring 3 to 6 (7.5 15 cm) long. The fruit that this type of Dogwood produces is a vibrant shade of blue. The tree can be pruned and trained into a single . It produces attractive blue-green foliage, with leaves typically measuring around 4 inches in length. In almost every month of the year there's interest from one cornus or another. Wild animals, such as small birds, use the thickets for nesting and cover since it grows from root sprouts. The flowering dogwood (Cornus florida) is the species most people think of when the word dogwood is mentioned.Although it is considered one of the favorite trees in the south, there are two other species, kousa dogwood (Cornus kousa) and Cornelian cherry dogwood (Cornus mas), which will grow in all areas of South Carolina except along the coast from Charleston to Savannah, Ga. And is often used in carving and other types of dogwood trees have white, star-shaped flowers, lance-shaped,... 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