Fall protection consists of either personal fall-arrest systems or guardrail systems, and must be provided on any scaffold 10 feet or more above a lower level. Installed protective coverings to prevent accidental contact with the lines. (k) The poles, legs, or uprights of scaffolds must be plumb, and securely and rigidly braced to prevent swaying and displacement. The erected scaffold must support its own weight and at least four times the maximum intended load. Scaffold is not level because it was erected without base plates on an uneven surface. That's one of the reasons why we need to keep it inspected - for safety sake! d. Scaffold legs shall be set on adjustable bases or plain bases placed on mud sills or other foundations adequate to support the maximum intended load. If solid sawn wood is used, it must be scaffold grade. To be specific, a "true" surface is as "plumb" or as "level" as the job requires (which, in most cases, is a perfect level of both or either). When the other end of the 2x4 slipped off the bucket, the employee did not let go of his end, and was pulled off the deck. When toeboards are used for falling object protection, they must be [. Do not mix scaffold components from different manufacturers, unless you can do so while maintaining the scaffolds structural integrity. Make sure the scaffold is stable. [, Ends of stair rails and handrails constructed so that they do not constitute a projection hazard. Cross braces must keep the scaffold plumb, level, and square; All brace connections must be secured to prevent dislodging; Frames and panels must be joined together vertically by coupling or stacking pins or equivalent means; Frames and panels must be locked together to prevent uplift (separation of a missing parts due to area obstructions). Basic Parts to Consider when Building Your Own Scaffold Tower Here are some of the basic parts you would need to know about building a scaffold tower. (For mobile scaffolds, the maximum height of the screw jack is 12 inches.). Supported scaffold poles, frames, uprights, etc. Footing. The size of the mud sill shall be based on the type of soil the scaffold will be erected upon. Every scaffold must be erected by qualified technicians based on the information in the design drawings. [29 CFR 1926.451(e)(9)(i)]. Others, such as swivel couplers, can be used for a variety of purposes; they can be positioned to allow various angles and crosses among the types of piping. Install the diagonal brace to keep the scaffolding square. C. Survey the job site. Several days later, a crew of seven workers was instructed to replace the scaffold and finish painting the sign. Employees involved with set up (or near) the scaffold must wear hard hats. Bracing Connect panels and frames with diagonal, horizontal, or cross braces along or as a combination, in order to laterally secure the vertical members. Tip: For the same reason, cleats or other means of connecting planks should be on the underside. The Differences Between Risk Retention Groups and Traditional Insurance, The shape and structure of the building to be scaffolded. Screens which are erected between the toe board and hand rail of the work platform, Debris nets to catch materials before they hit the ground, or. It's best to have everything as low as possible so parts don't get blown or bounced out. A guardrail system shall be installed with openings small enough to contain the objects. (j) Scaffold planks must extend over their end supports not less than 6 inches nor more than 18 inches. Toeboards must be capable of withstanding at least 50 pounds applied in a downward or outward direction. [, Have minimum rung length of 11 inches. Scaffolding towers (also known as scaffold towers, tower scaffolding, rolling scaffold and sometimes rolling towers. Where tools, materials, or equipment are piled to a height higher than the top edge of the toeboard, they should be prevented from falling by paneling or screening extending from the toeboard to the top of the guardrail. [, Ties, guys, braces, or outriggers shall be used to prevent tipping of supported scaffolds bearing eccentric loads, such as cantilevered work platforms. [, When horizontal lifelines are used, they are to be secured to two or more structural members of the scaffold. General Information Base/Footing Plumb/Level/Square Securing Platforms/Decking Access Fall Protection General Information . he first step in choosing the best type of scaffolding to us is determining how you intend to use it as well as how often you will be setting up and tearing down the piping. Ladders that are a part of the scaffolding system, such as hook-on and attachable ladders, shall be positioned so that the bottom rung is not more than 24 inches above the supporting level. If uplift could cause the components to separate, locking pins must be used and the components secured. A tube and coupler scaffold has a platform(s) supported by tubing, and is erected with coupling devices connecting uprights, braces, bearers and runners. They may, however, be treated periodically with clear preservatives, fire-retardants, and/or slip-resistant finishes. [, Stairways installed between 40 degrees and 60 degrees from the horizontal. [, Do not load the scaffold or any component parts beyond their maximum capacity (their own weight and 4:1 the maximum intended load). [, All brace connections must be secured to prevent dislodging. Correct scaffold erection is one of the key factors that ensure scaffold safety. Faults: Damaged. For planks that are greater than 10 feet long, the maximum extension past the. Fabricated frame scaffolds are the most common type of scaffold because they are versatile, economical, and easy to use. Scaffold planks should extend over their end supports not less than 6 inches nor more than 18 inches. Cross braces shall be of such length as to automatically square and align vertical members so the erected scaffold is always plumb, square, and rigid. Barricades to keep personnel out of a hazardous area. Step 2. [, Have rest platforms provided at a maximum of 35-foot vertical intervals. All brace connections shall be . bucks) must be joined together vertically by coupling or stacking pins (or equivalent means). [. . (Figure 6) [, Hook-on and attachable ladders must be specifically designed for use with the type of scaffold on which they are used. All brace connections must be secured to prevent dislodging. We need to follow scaffolding safety procedures. [, Frames and panels must be connected by cross, horizontal, or diagonal braces, alone or in combination, which secure vertical members together laterally. This individual must supervise all scaffold assemblies, changes, movement, or dismantling. Design features include a rest platform every 35 feet, rungs at least 11 1/2 inches wide (8 inches for ladders built into the frame), and uniform rung spacing not exceeding 16 3/4 inches. Tip: A level may be used frequently during assembly to guarantee that new structural components remain in line. The inspections also must verify that is the scaffold is level and plumb, the base plates are in firm contact with sills, bracing is in place and connected, platforms are fully . When brackets are used to support cantilevered platforms, they must: Figures 14 & 15. Be sure scaffold stays plumb and level as erection progresses. Point loading, or concentrating too much of the load in one area. Float Scaffold. Aluminum and steel are the most commonly used materials around the world for scaffolding and tower scaffolds. Next, select the appropriate-sized scaffold for each job. [3] Lift the planks through the scaffold bars and into place. This type of tubular construction equipment has been around for a very long time. When the employee tried to set the third level frame into the pins of the second level, the frame he was trying to position flipped to one side. We are headquartered in Turlock, CA, with locations across the heart of Californias Central Valley and beyond to provide a local feel to the solutions and services we provide our clients. [, Have rest platforms provided at a maximum of 35 foot vertical intervals. [, Scaffold platforms must be able to support their own weight, plus four times the maximum intended load. Also, note that the planks are bowing because the bricks are loaded at one point on the platform instead of being evenly distributed. [, Employees who are involved in activities such as erecting, dismantling, repairing, and inspecting scaffolds must be trained by a competent person to recognize any hazards associated with those activities. Supported scaffold poles, legs . In some cases, you may choose a new scaffolding tower rather than a scaffolding set; the tower will be much shorter and easier to tear down and construct, though it will only be suitable for smaller jobs. Each section of the framework measured 6'5" high. [, Scaffold components made of dissimilar metals must not be used together unless a competent person has determined that galvanic action will not reduce the strength of any component below OSHA standards. To ensure the scaffold is "square", use a tape measure and measure the distance between opposite corners. Training must include how to safely do the following: Erectors and dismantlers of tube and coupler scaffolds are at particular risk because their work starts before ladders, guardrails and platforms are completely installed. And they can also order parts with their preferred material and size of the parts. (True or False) _____ 3. 2. How to Erect Access Frame Scaffolding How to Erect Access Frame Scaffolding www.worksafebc.com Select . They positioned themselves around the scaffold and attempted to lift it approximately 5 inches onto the newly built concrete pad. | QUESTIONS? Before starting any scaffold project, the employer should conduct a hazard assessment to ensure the safety of workers. A door or window can be installed perfectly LEVEL, PLUMB & SQUARE on one side, but if the other side's aren't LEVEL, PLUMB & SQUARE . Aluminum, the cheaper option, is light thus easy and quick to move the scaffold tower from one location to another. Top rails must be capable of supporting at least 200 pounds applied in a downward or outward direction. Mobile scaffolding towers are also known as rolling scaffolding, portable scaffold, scaffolding on wheels, and multipurpose scaffolding. Fasten the screw jack to the sills with either nails or screws. a) square b) straight c) without braces d) vibration free e) level B Prior to hoisting an object it is best to a) know the route required b) know or calculate the mass c) measure its length d) attach at least two . [, Non-mandatory examples of criteria that will enable an employer to comply with, Scaffolds are to be erected, moved, dismantled, or altered only by experienced and trained employees who have been selected for that work by the competent person. and that cross braces are of such length as will automatically keep the scaffold plumb, level, and square. B. [, On scaffolds where platforms are overlapped to create a long platform, the overlap may only occur over supports, and may not be less than 12 inches, unless the platforms are restrained (i.e., nailed together) to prevent movement. Install the deck, which may be an all aluminium platform or with wood deck or scaffold planks. Tube and coupler scaffold design must comply with 29 CFR 1926.451-.452. Plumb and level all scaffolds as erection proceeds. Scaffolding, also called scaffold or staging, is a temporary structure used to support a work crew and materials to aid in the construction, maintenance and repair of buildings, bridges and all other man-made structures.Scaffolds are widely used on site to get access to heights and areas that would be otherwise hard to get to. Use footings that are level, sound, rigid and capable of supporting the load without settlement or displacement. All diagonal . They are erected in a manner that creates a usable ladder and provides good hand hold and foot space. Even if they are "in the way," braces should not be removed while work is being performed on a scaffold! Note: Except where . After the sign had been partially painted, the scaffold was moved to allow concrete to be placed around the sign. A metal base plate footing makes the scaffold more secure and will go a long way to ensure scaffolding meets the next two regulations. OSHA 1926.454 (c) states: When an employer has reason to believe . Plumb and level all scaffolds as the erection proceeds. A scaffold can be overloaded by [. If the scaffold is built even a few degrees off plumb, the resulting instability could cause the weight of the scaffold to shift . Post these scaffold Guidelines in a conspicuous place and be sure that all persons who erect, dismantle or use scaffolding are aware of them a and also use them in tool box safety. This will have an impact on what components you will need as well as how many of each component will be necessary to complete your tasks. Once erected, provide toeboards on all railed sides to prevent falling object hazards. is allowed to accumulate on the platform. The nature of any electrical hazards, fall hazards, and falling object hazards in the work area. No handhold available. [, Slip-resistant surfaces on treads and landings. Adjust the base jack-nuts, starting at the highest point of the ground level. Some people would like their own customized scaffold towers. Scaffolding means a convenient platform for persons to work at height. 2. This is one more reason for always using fall protection. Personal fall protection must be required and provided by the employer where the installation and use of such protection is feasible and does not create a greater hazard. Specific requirements are described below. Fasten all couplers and/or connections . Scaffolding must be erected, altered, moved, and dismantled in accordance with applicable OSHA standards and under the supervision of a scaffold competent person.Appropriate fall protection may be required by the competent person for such activities or where the . Support scaffold footings must be level and capable of supporting the loaded scaffold. [, Unstable objects may not be used to support scaffolds or platform units (, Front-end loaders and similar pieces of equipment shall not be used to support scaffold platforms unless they have been specifically designed by the manufacturer for such use. Plumb and level the scaffold as it is being erected. The scaffold was not secured to wooden footing supports, nor was it tied to the building. All brace connections shall be made secure. The cross braces shall be of such length as will automatically square and align vertical members so that the erected scaffold is always plumb, level, and square. One must also consider all the necessary components and hardware needed in order to have the safest most accessible construction work platform. Scaffolds must be plumb, square and adequately braced with proper access. This would be in reference to stand alone scaffold towers. Fasten all couplers and/or connections securely before assembling the next level. Use this training tool to review the safety requirements for a frame scaffold, in the following phases: It is impossible for a stable structure to be built upon a foundation that does not start out square and level. Because the number of injuries from . Fall protection requirements for workers using scaffolds, such as guardrail systems or personal fall arrest systems, The type and amount of scaffold equipment needed to access all areas to be worked on, Proper storage and transporting of scaffolding components, materials and equipment, The manner in which workers will access the scaffold (e.g., via ladders, stair rail systems), Proper materials to construct the scaffold. Heavy-duty scaffolds can support 75 pounds per square foot. Requirements to prevent falls that apply only to these workers are addressed separately below. Ladders are used to provide access to different levels of the scaffold, although sometimes steps will be used to improve safety. [, Scaffold platforms and walkways must be at least 18 inches wide, unless they are used in areas that the employer can demonstrate are so narrow that they must be less than 18 inches wide. (Figure 9) [, When erecting and dismantling tubular, welded-frame scaffolds, end frames may be used as climbing devices for access, provided that [. [, Portable, hook-on, and attachable ladders must be positioned so as not to tip the scaffold. To accomplish this, the scaffold design must incorporate a realistic Cross-braces on tubular welded frame scaffolds are not allowed to be climbed. The objective is to reduce the tripping hazard by having the ends of the top layer of planks form a straight line, rather than a saw-toothed edge, which increases tripping hazards. Plumb and brace poles, legs, posts, frames and uprights to prevent swaying and displacement. [, When moving platforms to the next level, the existing platform must be left undisturbed until the new end frames have been set in place and braced. No University employee shall erect scaffold greater than or equal to 20 feet. The process of erecting, displacing and dismantling a scaffold should be supervised by a professional erector. Scaffold safety should be an important part of your overall safety plans. [, Uniform riser height, within -inch, for each flight of stairs. To accomplish this, the scaffold design must incorporate a realistic assessment of maximum intended loads on the scaffold at all stages of erection and loading. The space between planks cannot exceed 1 inch, except where necessary for obstructions. The number one scaffold hazard is worker falls. the diagonal brace to keep the scaffolding square. 2. [, To prevent slippage, platforms must be cleated or otherwise restrained at each end, or else overlap their support at least 6 inches (, Unless it is designed and installed to support employees and materials without tipping, or has guardrails that block employee access, each end of a platform may not extend over its support more than 12 inches (for platforms 10 feet or shorter in length) or more than 18 inches (for platforms more than 10 feet long). Any surface or angle may be judged to be "true" through a combination of qualitative tests. Only trained and authorized persons should be allowed to use a scaffold. [29 CFR 1926.451(g)(2)]. Changes at the worksite present a hazard for which an employee has not previously been trained. Damaged or deteriorated equipment must not be used USA (v. 2008) 21 Erecting Scaffolding. Erect plumb, square and rigid with all brace connections securely fastened. 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